The teenage years are often characterized by a whirlwind of emotions, rapid changes, and sometimes baffling behaviours. Understanding teenage behaviour requires an approach that acknowledges the complex nature of adolescence. From rebellious acts to mood swings, teenagers navigate a complex terrain as they strive for autonomy and self-discovery.
Exploration and Identity Formation: Teenage years mark a period of intense exploration and identity formation. Erik Erikson, a prominent psychologist, proposed that adolescents undergo a stage of psychosocial development termed “identity versus role confusion.” During this stage, teenagers grapple with questions of self-identity, attempting to reconcile societal expectations with personal desires. This quest for self-discovery often manifests in behaviours such as experimenting with different styles, hobbies, and social groups.
Peer Influence and Social Dynamics: Peer relationships play a pivotal role in shaping teenage behaviour. Research by Laurence Steinberg, a leading expert in adolescent psychology, highlights the influence of peers on risk-taking behaviours during adolescence. Teenagers are highly susceptible to peer pressure as they seek validation and acceptance within their social circles. Consequently, behaviours like substance experimentation and reckless driving may arise from the desire to conform to peer norms.
Brain Development and Impulse Control: Neurobiological changes occurring during adolescence contribute to shifts in behaviour and decision-making. The prefrontal cortex, responsible for executive functions such as impulse control and decision-making, undergoes significant development during the teenage years. However, this area of the brain matures at a slower rate than the limbic system, which governs emotions and rewards. As a result, teenagers may exhibit impulsivity and risk-taking tendencies due to the imbalance between emotional responsiveness and cognitive control.
In conclusion, understanding teenage behaviour necessitates a holistic perspective that considers biological, psychological, and social factors. While adolescents may engage in behaviours that puzzle adults, these actions often stem from a quest for self-definition, peer influence, and ongoing neurodevelopmental processes. By fostering open communication, providing guidance, and offering support, adults can navigate the complexities of teenage behaviour with empathy and understanding.
Author: Nenad Bakaj, MHumServ (RehabCouns), BSocWk, DipAppSci (Comm&HumServ), AMHSW, MAAC, MAASW, JP (Qld)
Nenad Bakaj is a Brisbane based Clinical Counsellor, Accredited Mental Health Social Worker, Life Coach and Bigger Bite Out Of Life Trainer with a keen interest in positive psychology, mental health and wellbeing, and is continually developing his professional skills and knowledge. Nenad enjoys working with adolescents and young adults, as well as older clients, and feels it is a privilege to be able to support them.
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References:
Erikson, E. H. (1968). Identity: Youth and crisis. W. W. Norton & Company.
Steinberg, L. (2008). A Social Neuroscience Perspective on Adolescent Risk-Taking. Developmental Review, 28(1), 78-106.